Resources

Research Publications

Peer-reviewed papers, preprints and conference proceedings that use or describe CogStack, from the Hospitals and universities that run it.

Applied Clinical NLP / AI

VIEWER: an extensible visual analytics framework for enhancing mental healthcare

Tao Wang, PhD, David Codling, MB, MSc, Yamiko Joseph Msosa, PhD, Matthew Broadbent, MA, Daisy Kornblum, PhD, Catherine Polling, MB, PhD, Thomas Searle, PhD, Claire Delaney-Pope, MBA, Barbara Arroyo, MB, MS, Stuart MacLellan, MBA, Zoe Keddie, PhD, Mary Docherty, MB, MA, Angus Roberts, PhD, Robert Stewart, MD, Philip McGuire, MD, Richard Dobson, PhD, Robert Harland, MB

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 2026

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Clinical Research

Concept Recognition and Characterization of Patients Undergoing Resection of Vestibular Schwannoma Using Natural Language Processing

Simon C. Williams, Kawsar Noor, Siddharth Sinha, Richard J.B. Dobson, Thomas Searle, Jonathan P. Funnell, John G. Hanrahan, William R. Muirhead, Neil Kitchen, Hala Kanona, Sherif Khalil, Shakeel R. Saeed, Hani J. Marcus, Patrick Grover

Thieme 2025

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Clinical Research

Artificial Intelligence Enabled Phenogrouping of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Depicts Early and End-Stage Trajectories

Samuel Brown, Fardad Soltani, Jack Wu, Matthew Ryan, Brett S Bernstein, Brian Tam To, Tom Searle, Maleeha Rizvi, Natalie Fairhurst, George Kaye, Ranu Baral, Dhanushan Vijayakumar, Daksh Mehta, Zeeshan Khawaja, Phil Chowienczyk, James Teo, Richard JB Dobson, Daniel I Bromage, Gerald Carr-White, Thomas F Lüscher, Ali Vazir, Theresa A McDonagh, Jessica Webb, Ajay M Shah, Christopher A Miller, Dhruva Biswas, Kevin O’Gallagher

medRxiv 2025

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Clinical Research

A Framework for Flexible Extraction of Clinical Event Contextual Properties from Electronic Health Records

Shubham Agarwal, Thomas Searle, Mart Ratas, Anthony Shek, James Teo, Richard Dobson

Association for Computational Linguistics 2025

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Clinical Research

Unsupervised clustering reveals early and late heart failure with preserved ejection fraction phenogroups with distinct clinical trajectories

Samuel Brown, Fardad Soltani, Jack Wu, Brett S Bernstein, Maleeha Rizvi, James Teo, Richard Dobson, Daniel I Bromage, Gerald Carr-White, Thomas F Lüscher, Theresa A McDonagh, Ajay M Shah, Christopher A Miller, Dhruva Biswas, Kevin O’Gallagher

Heart 2025

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Clinical Research

How representative are heart failure clinical trials? A comparative study using natural language processing

Jack Wu, Dhruva Biswas, Sam Brown, Jonathan Breeze, Thomas Searle, Richard Dobson, Daniel I Bromag, Theresa A McDonagh, Ajay M Shah, Kevin O’Gallagher

BMJ 2025

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Applied Clinical NLP / AI

Automating the extraction of otology symptoms from clinic letters: a methodological study using natural language processing

Nikhil Joshi; Kawsar Noor; Xi Bai; Marina Forbes; Talisa Ross; Liam Barrett; Richard J.B. Dobson; Anne G.M. Schilder; Nishchay Mehta; Watjana Lilaonitkul

BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Volume 25, article number 353, (2025)

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Applied Clinical NLP / AI

Developing clinical informatics to support direct care and population health management: the VIEWER story

Robert Harland, Tao Wang, David Codling, Catherine Polling, Matthew Broadbent, Holly Newton, Yamiko Joseph Msosa, Daisy Kornblum, Claire Delaney-Pope, Barbara Arroyo, Stuart MacLellan, Zoe Keddie, Mary Jane Docherty, Angus Roberts, Derek Tracy, Philip Mcguire, Richard J B Dobson, Robert Stewart

BMJ Health Care Informatics 2025

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NLP/AI

Grounding Large Language Models in Clinical Evidence: A Retrieval-Augmented Generation System for Querying UK NICE Clinical Guidelines

Matthew Lewis; Samuel Thio; Richard J.B. Dobson; Spiros Denaxas

arXiv 10.48550/arXiv.2510.02967 2025

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Applied Clinical NLP / AI

Design and implementation of a natural language processing system at the point of care: MiADE (medical information AI data extractor)

Jennifer Jiang-Kells; James Brandreth; Leilei Zhu; Jack Ross; Yogini Jani; Enrico Costanza; Maisarah Amran; Zeljko Kraljevic; Xi Bai; M.M.N.S. Dilan; Jayathri Wijayarathne; Ravi Wickramaratne; Folkert W. Asselbergs; Richard J.B. Dobson; Wai Keong Wong; Anoop D. Shah

BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 10.1186/s12911-025-03195-1

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Applied Clinical NLP / AIClinical Research

Artificial Intelligence Methods Applied to Electronic Health Record Data for Health Equity in Clinical Trials

Jonathan Breeze BSc, Jack Wu PhD, Josie Carmichael MRes, Nilesh Pareek PhD, Richard JB. Dobson PhD, Ajay M. Shah MD, Kevin O'Gallagher PhD

JACC Advances 10.1016/j.jacadv.2025.101250

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NLP/AI

CogStack-KCL-UCL at ArchEHR-QA 2025: Investigating Hybrid LLM Approaches for Grounded Clinical Question Answering

Shubham Agarwal, Thomas Searle, Kawsar Noor, Richard Dobson

In Proc. Bio-NLP Workshop ACL (2025)

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NLP/AI

A Framework for Flexible Extraction of Clinical Event Contextual Properties from Electronic Health Records

Shubham Agarwal, Thomas Searle, Mart Ratas, Anthony Shek, James Teo, Richard Dobson

In Proc. ACL (2025)

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NLP/AI

Named Entity Inference Attacks on Clinical LLMs: Exploring Privacy Risks and the Impact of Mitigation Strategies

Adam Sutton, Xi Bai, Kawsar Noor, Thomas Searle, and Richard Dobson.

In Proc. Privacy in Natural Language Processing NAACL 2025.

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Applied Clinical NLP / AI

Natural Language Processing to Extract Head and Neck Cancer Data From Unstructured Electronic Health Records

T. Young, J. Au Yeung, K. Sambasivan, D. Adjogatse, A. Kong, I. Petkar, M. Reis Ferreira, M. Lei, A. King, J. Teo, T. Guerrero Urbano

Clinical Oncology 2025

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Applied Clinical NLP / AI

Developing and Evaluating an AI-Assisted Prediction Model for Unplanned Intensive CareAdmissions following Elective Neurosurgery using Natural Language Processing within an Electronic Healthcare Record System

Julia Ive, Olatomiwa Olukoya, Jonathan P. Funnell, James Booker, Sze H M Lam, Ugan Reddy, Kawsar Noor, Richard JB Dobson, Astri M.V. Luoma, Hani J Marcus

Arxiv 2025

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Clinical Research

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Aortic Stenosis within a Universal Healthcare System Characterised by Natural Language Processing for Targeted Intervention

Dhruva Biswas, PhD, Jack Wu, PhD, Sam Brown, MBChB, Apurva Bharucha, MBBS, Natalie Fairhurst, MBBCh, George Kaye, MBBS, Kate Jones, Freya Parker Copeland, Bethan O’Donnell, Daniel Kyle, Tom Searle, PhD, Nilesh Pareek, PhD, Rafal Dworakowski, PhD, Alexandros Papachristidis, PhD, Narbeh Melikian, PhD, Olaf Wendler, PhD, Ranjit Deshpande, FRCS, Max Baghai, PhD, James Galloway, PhD, James T Teo, PhD, Richard Dobson, PhD, Jonathan Byrne, PhD, Philip MacCarthy, PhD, Ajay M Shah, MD, Mehdi Eskandari, MD, Kevin O’Gallagher, PhD

https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjdh/ztaf018

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Applied Clinical NLP / AI

RelCAT: Advancing Extraction of Clinical Inter-Entity Relationships from Unstructured Electronic Health Records

Shubham Agarwal, Vlad Dinu, Thomas Searle, Mart Ratas, Anthony Shek, Dan F Stein, James Teo, Richard Dobson

arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.16077 (2025)

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Applied Clinical NLP / AIClinical Research

VIEWER: an extensible visual analytics framework for enhancing mental healthcare

Tao Wang, David Codling, Yamiko Joseph Msosa, Matthew Broadbent, Daisy Kornblum, Catherine Polling, Thomas Searle, Claire Delaney-Pope, Barbara Arroyo, Stuart MacLellan, Zoe Keddie, Mary Docherty, Angus Roberts, Robert Stewart, Philip McGuire, Richard Dobson, Robert Harland

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association (2025), ocaf010

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Applied Clinical NLP / AI

Implementation of an Electronic Clinical Decision Support System for the Early Recognition and Management of Dysglycemia in an Inpatient Mental Health Setting Using CogStack: Protocol for a Pilot Hybrid Type 3 Effectiveness-Implementation Randomized Controlled Cluster Trial

Dipen Patel, Yamiko Joseph Msosa, Tao Wang, Julie Williams, Omar G Mustafa, Siobhan Gee, Barbara Arroyo, Damian Larkin, Trevor Tiedt, Angus Roberts, Richard J B Dobson, Fiona Gaughran

JMIR 2025

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